Behavioral Momentum Theory: Equations and Applications

Autor/inn/en	Nevin, John A.; Shahan, Timothy A.
Titel	Behavioral Momentum Theory: Equations and Applications
Quelle	In: Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 44 (2011) 4, S.877-895 (19 Seiten) PDF als Volltext (1); PDF als Volltext kostenfreie Datei (2) Verfügbarkeit
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	0021-8855
Schlagwörter	Autism; Developmental Disabilities; Children; Behavior Modification; Reinforcement; Behavior Problems; Theories; Models; Intervention; Resistance to Change; Prediction; Equations (Mathematics); Graphs; Experiments; Psychology; Educational Psychology; Clinical Psychology + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Autismus; Entwicklungsstörung; Child; Kind; Kinder; Behaviour modification; Verhaltensänderung; Positive Verstärkung; Theory; Theorie; Analogiemodell; Vorhersage; Equations; Mathematics; Gleichungslehre; Grafische Darstellung; Erprobung; Psychologie; Erziehungspsychologie; Pädagogische Psychologie; Klinische Psychologie
Abstract	Behavioral momentum theory provides a quantitative account of how reinforcers experienced within a discriminative stimulus context govern the persistence of behavior that occurs in that context. The theory suggests that all reinforcers obtained in the presence of a discriminative stimulus increase resistance to change, regardless of whether those reinforcers are contingent on the target behavior, are noncontingent, or are even contingent on an alternative behavior. In this paper, we describe the equations that constitute the theory and address their application to issues of particular importance in applied settings. The theory provides a framework within which to consider the effects of interventions such as extinction, noncontingent reinforcement, differential reinforcement of alternative behavior, and other phenomena (e.g., resurgence). Finally, the theory predicts some counterintuitive and potentially counterproductive effects of alternative reinforcement, and can serve as an integrative guide for intervention when its terms are identified with the relevant conditions of applied settings. (Contains 3 footnotes and 13 figures.) (As Provided).
Anmerkungen	Society for the Experimental Analysis of Behavior. Available from: Department of Applied Behavioral Science. Kansas University, 1000 Sunnyside Avenue, Lawrence, KS 66045-2133. Tel: 785-841-4425; Fax: 785-841-4425; e-mail: behavior@mail.ku.edu; Web site: http://seab.envmed.rochester.edu/jaba/index.html
Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC
Update	2017/4/10