The Own-Age Bias in Face Recognition: A Meta-Analytic and Theoretical Review

Autor/inn/en	Rhodes, Matthew G.; Anastasi, Jeffrey S.
Titel	The Own-Age Bias in Face Recognition: A Meta-Analytic and Theoretical Review
Quelle	In: Psychological Bulletin, 138 (2012) 1, S.146-174 (29 Seiten) PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	0033-2909
DOI	10.1037/a0025750
Schlagwörter	Age; Infants; Recognition (Psychology); Meta Analysis; Measures (Individuals); Children; Adults; Older Adults; Theories; Cognitive Processes; Effect Size; Computer Uses in Education; Coding; Intention; Tests; Feedback (Response); Search Engines; Bias; Universities + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Alter; Lebensalter; Infant; Toddler; Toddlers; Kleinkind; Recognition; Wiedererkennen; Meta-analysis; Metaanalyse; Messdaten; Child; Kind; Kinder; Älterer Erwachsener; Theory; Theorie; Cognitive process; Kognitiver Prozess; Computernutzung; Codierung; Programmierung; Examination; Prüfung; Examen; Suchmaschine; University; Universität
Abstract	A large number of studies have examined the finding that recognition memory for faces of one's own age group is often superior to memory for faces of another age group. We examined this "own-age bias" (OAB) in the meta-analyses reported. These data showed that hits were reliably greater for same-age relative to other-age faces (g = 0.23) and that false alarms were reliably less likely for same-age compared with other-age faces (g = -0.23). Further meta-analyses of measures of signal detection demonstrated that, although no difference in response criterion was evident (g = -0.01), discriminability was reliably better for same-age compared with other-age faces (g = 0.37). As well, children, younger adults, and older adults exhibited superior discriminability for same-age compared with other-age age faces. Thus, the OAB appears to be a robust effect that influences the accuracy of face recognition. Theoretical accounts of the OAB have generally suggested that it reflects more extensive, recent experiences with one's own age group relative to other-age groups. Additional analyses were supportive of this account as the OAB was present even for groups (e.g., older adults) that had prior experiences as members of another age group. However, the most comprehensive account of the OAB will also likely invoke mechanisms suggested by social-cognitive theories. (Contains 6 footnotes, 11 tables, and 4 figures.) (As Provided).
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Update	2017/4/10