Temporal and Spatial Relations in Sentential Reasoning

Autor/inn/en	Juhos, Csongor; Quelhas, Ana Cristina; Johnson-Laird, P. N.
Titel	Temporal and Spatial Relations in Sentential Reasoning
Quelle	In: Cognition, 122 (2012) 3, S.393-404 (12 Seiten)Infoseite zur Zeitschrift PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	0010-0277
DOI	10.1016/j.cognition.2011.11.007
Schlagwörter	Logical Thinking; Inferences; Models; Theories; Experiments; Hypothesis Testing; Spatial Ability; Prediction; Portuguese + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Inference; Inferenz; Analogiemodell; Theory; Theorie; Erprobung; Hypothesenprüfung; Hypothesentest; Räumliches Vorstellungsvermögen; Vorhersage; Portugiesischunterricht
Abstract	The mental model theory postulates that the meanings of assertions, and knowledge about their context can "modulate" the logical meaning of sentential connectives, such as "if" and "or". One known effect of modulation is to block the representation of possibilities to which a proposition refers. But, modulation should also add relational information, such as temporal order, to models of possibilities. Three experiments tested this prediction. Experiment 1 showed that individuals spontaneously matched the tense of their conclusions (in Portuguese) to embody implied, but unexpressed, temporal relations in conditional premises. Experiment 2 demonstrated the same phenomenon in inferences from disjunctions. Experiment 3 showed that the number of such implicit relations in inferences from conditionals affects both accuracy and the speed of reasoning. These results support the modulation hypothesis. (Contains 1 table.) (As Provided).
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Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC
Update	2017/4/10