Cardiac Modulation of Startle: Effects on Eye Blink and Higher Cognitive Processing

Autor/inn/en	Schulz, Andre; Reichert, Carolin F.; Richter, Steffen; Lass-Hennemann, Johanna; Blumenthal, Terry D.; Schachinger, Hartmut
Titel	Cardiac Modulation of Startle: Effects on Eye Blink and Higher Cognitive Processing
Quelle	In: Brain and Cognition, 71 (2009) 3, S.265-271 (7 Seiten) PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	0278-2626
DOI	10.1016/j.bandc.2009.08.002
Schlagwörter	Feedback (Response); Stimuli; Reaction Time; Human Body; Cognitive Processes; Acoustics; Eye Movements; Brain Hemisphere Functions; Role; Diagnostic Tests; Physiology + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Anreizsystem; Reaktionsvermögen; Menschlicher Körper; Cognitive process; Kognitiver Prozess; Akustik; Augenbewegung; Rollen; Diagnostic test; Diagnostischer Test; Physiologie
Abstract	Cardiac cycle time has been shown to affect pre-attentive brainstem startle processes, such as the magnitude of acoustically evoked reflexive startle eye blinks. These effects were attributed to baro-afferent feedback mechanisms. However, it remains unclear whether cardiac cycle time plays a role in higher startle-related cognitive processes, as well. Twenty-five volunteers responded first by "fast as possible" button pushes (reaction time, RT), and second, rated perceived intensity of 60 acoustic startle stimuli (85, 95, or 105 dB; 50 ms duration; binaural; instantaneous rise time), which were presented either 230 or 530 ms after the R-wave, and eye blink responses were measured by EMG. RT was divided into evaluation and motor response time according to previous research. Increasing stimulus intensity enhanced startle eye blink, intensity ratings, and RT components. Eye blinks and intensity judgments were lower when startle was elicited at a latency of R + 230 ms, but RT components were differentially affected: the evaluative component was attenuated, and the motor component was accelerated when stimuli were presented 230 ms after the R-wave. We conclude that the cardiac cycle affects the attentive processing of acoustic startle stimuli. (Contains 3 figures.) (As Provided).
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Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC
Update	2017/4/10