Distractor Modality Can Turn Semantic Interference into Semantic Facilitation in the Picture-Word Interference Task: Implications for Theories of Lexical Access in Speech Production

Autor/inn/en	Hantsch, Ansgar; Jescheniak, Jorg D.; Schriefers, Herbert
Titel	Distractor Modality Can Turn Semantic Interference into Semantic Facilitation in the Picture-Word Interference Task: Implications for Theories of Lexical Access in Speech Production
Quelle	In: Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 35 (2009) 6, S.1443-1453 (11 Seiten) PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	0278-7393
DOI	10.1037/a0017020
Schlagwörter	Speech Communication; Semantics; Competition; Recall (Psychology); Language Processing; College Students; Experiments; Foreign Countries; Pictorial Stimuli; Germany + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Semantik; Wettkampf; Abberufung; Sprachverarbeitung; Collegestudent; Erprobung; Ausland; Fantasieanregung; Deutschland
Abstract	A number of recent studies have questioned the idea that lexical selection during speech production is a competitive process. One type of evidence against selection by competition is the observation that in the picture-word interference task semantically related distractors may facilitate the naming of a picture, whereas the selection by competition account predicts them to interfere. In the experiments reported in this article, the authors systematically varied, for a given type of semantic relation--that is, basic-level distractors (e.g., "fish") during subordinate-level naming (e.g., "carp")--the modality in which distractor words were presented (auditory vs. visual) and the proportion of response-congruent trials (i.e., trials allowing for the correct naming response to be derived from both the distractor and the target). With auditory distractors, semantic interference was obtained irrespective of the proportion of response-congruent trials (low in Experiment 1, high in Experiment 2). With visual distractors, no semantic effect was obtained with a low proportion of response-congruent trials (Experiment 3), whereas a semantic facilitation effect was obtained with a high proportion of response-congruent trials (Experiment 4). The authors propose that two processes contribute to semantic effects observed in the picture-word interference paradigm, namely selection by competition (leading to interference) and response congruency (leading to facilitation). Whether facilitation due to response congruency overrules the interference effect because of competition depends on the relative strength of these two processes. (Contains 4 tables and 3 footnotes.) (As Provided).
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Update	2017/4/10