Memory Predictions Are Influenced by Perceptual Information: Evidence for Metacognitive Illusions

Autor/inn/en	Rhodes, Matthew G.; Castel, Alan D.
Titel	Memory Predictions Are Influenced by Perceptual Information: Evidence for Metacognitive Illusions
Quelle	In: Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 137 (2008) 4, S.615-625 (11 Seiten) PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	0096-3445
Schlagwörter	Cues; Memory; Learning Processes; Metacognition; Prediction; Visual Stimuli; Visual Perception; Recall (Psychology); Reading Fluency; Visual Measures + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Stichwort; Gedächtnis; Learning process; Lernprozess; Meta cognitive ability; Meta-cognition; Metakognitive Fähigkeit; Metakognition; Vorhersage; Visuelle Wahrnehmung; Abberufung
Abstract	Although perceptual information is utilized to judge size or depth, little work has investigated whether such information is used to make memory predictions. The present study examined how the font size of to-be-remembered words influences predicted memory performance. Participants studied words for a free-recall test that varied in font size and made judgments of learning (JOLs) for each item. JOLs were influenced by font size, as larger font sizes were given higher JOLs, whereas little relationship was evident between font size and recall. The effect was modified when other, more valid, sources of information (e.g., associative strength) were available when JOLs were made and persisted despite experience with multiple study-test sessions, use of a forgetting scale to assess predictions, and explicit warning of participants that font size has little effect on memory performance. When ease of reading was manipulated, such that large font size words were made less fluent, the effect was eliminated. Thus, highly accessible perceptual cues can strongly influence JOLs, likely via encoding fluency, and this effect can lead to metacognitive illusions. (As Provided).
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Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC
Update	2017/4/10