Nicaragua Re-Visited: From Neo-Liberal "Ungovernability" to the Bolivarian Alternative for the Peoples of Our America (ALBA)

Autor/in	Muhr, Thomas
Titel	Nicaragua Re-Visited: From Neo-Liberal "Ungovernability" to the Bolivarian Alternative for the Peoples of Our America (ALBA)
Quelle	In: Globalisation, Societies and Education, 6 (2008) 2, S.147-161 (15 Seiten)Infoseite zur Zeitschrift PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	1476-7724
Schlagwörter	Foreign Countries; Access to Education; Political Issues; Political Affiliation; Government Role; International Cooperation; International Organizations; History; Social Influences; Politics of Education; Political Influences; Democracy; Nicaragua + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Ausland; Education; Access; Bildung; Zugang; Bildungszugang; Politischer Faktor; Politisches Interesse; Internationale Kooperation; Internationale Zusammenarbeit; International organisation; International organisations; International organization; Internationale Organisation; Geschichte; Geschichtsdarstellung; Sozialer Einfluss; Educational policy; Bildungspolitik; Political influence; Politischer Einfluss; Demokratie
Abstract	In this paper I conduct a historical analysis of the emergence of ALBA in Nicaragua prior to Daniel Ortega's return to the presidency and the country's official membership in the initiative from January 2007 on. I argue that ALBA is a rival structure that evolved from the contradictions inherent in hegemonic globalisation. Within the framework of a material analysis of poverty and exclusion under globalised neo-liberalism, I draw particular attention to the World Bank-led education "decentralisation" in Nicaragua. The failure of the finance-driven strategy, especially with respect to access to education and literacy, provided the grounds for the first ALBA project in Nicaragua to evolve within an "environment of ungovernability" from 2004 on. The response and challenge provided by ALBA builds on the regionalisation of Venezuela's endogenous development paradigm guided by the principles of solidarity, cooperation and complementarity. In contrast to other contemporary regionalisms, in ALBA the social dimension assumes a leading role from the outset, together with energy integration. The Nicaraguan case exemplifies ALBA's counter-hegemonic transnational operational mode, as well as its construction from the bottom up. This is illustrated in the fields of education, health care and energy supply. (Contains 13 endnotes.) (As Provided).
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Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC
Update	2017/4/10