Seeing Versus Doing: Two Modes of Accessing Causal Knowledge

Autor/inn/en	Waldmann, Michael R.; Hagmayer, York
Titel	Seeing Versus Doing: Two Modes of Accessing Causal Knowledge
Quelle	In: Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 31 (2005) 2, S.216-227 (11 Seiten) PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	0278-7393
Schlagwörter	Competence; Observational Learning; Causal Models; Probability; Predictor Variables; Psychological Studies + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Kompetenz; Imitationslernen; Kausalanalyse; Wahrscheinlichkeitsrechnung; Wahrscheinlichkeitstheorie; Prädiktor
Abstract	The ability to derive predictions for the outcomes of potential actions from observational data is one of the hallmarks of true causal reasoning. We present four learning experiments with deterministic and probabilistic data showing that people indeed make different predictions from causal models, whose parameters were learned in a purely observational learning phase, depending on whether learners believe that an event within the model has been merely observed ("seeing") or was actively manipulated ("doing"). The predictions reflect sensitivity both to the structure of the causal models and to the size of their parameters. This competency is remarkable because the predictions for potential interventions were very different from the patterns that had actually been observed. Whereas associative and probabilistic theories fail, recent developments of causal Bayes net theories provide tools for modeling this competency. (Author).
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Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC
Update	2017/4/10