The Functionality of Agricultural Extension and Advisory Services from a System Perspective: A Subnational Level Analysis in India

Autor/inn/en	Nikam, Vinayak; Ashok, Arathy; Kale, Rajiv B.
Titel	The Functionality of Agricultural Extension and Advisory Services from a System Perspective: A Subnational Level Analysis in India
Quelle	In: Journal of Agricultural Education and Extension, 29 (2023) 5, S.557-581 (25 Seiten) PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	1389-224X
DOI	10.1080/1389224X.2022.2117212
Schlagwörter	Foreign Countries; Agricultural Education; Extension Agents; Rural Extension; Public Sector; Private Sector; Nongovernmental Organizations; Institutional Cooperation; Organizational Effectiveness; Agricultural Occupations; India + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Ausland; Agriculture; Education; Landwirtschaftliche Ausbildung; Landwirtschaft; Ausbildung; Öffentlicher Sektor; Privater Sektor; Institute; Co-operation; Cooperation; Institut; Kooperation; Unternehmenserfolg; Occupation; Beruf; Landwirtschaftlicher Beruf; Indien
Abstract	Purpose: This paper deals with the system level empirical analysis of Extension and Advisory Service (EAS) characteristics in India which help in identifying the functional nature of a pluralistic extension system. Design/Methodology/Approach: The study uses the 'Best Fit' framework for analysis of EAS of 36 organisations and applies criteria of functional advisory services proposed by Prager et al. Findings: Drawing knowledge from diverse sources; appropriate cooperation between them; a stable or growing workforce of field staff; staff receiving regular training and the use of a wide range of advisory methods by EAS providers were the positive aspects contributing to functional EAS. Advisory topics covered and clients group orientation was not uniform and inclusive. Time spent on advisories and other activities varied considerably among the different categories of organisations. Despite limitations, public EAS providers still play an important role in cementing all EAS providers in a pluralistic extension system and reaching out to the unreached. Practical implications: System level evaluation of EAS in a country highlights the functional and dysfunctional components of pluralistic EAS which can be strengthened or fixed for improving EAS support to farmers. Theoretical implications: The study depicts the application of the Best Fit Framework for system level evaluation of pluralistic EAS in a sub-national context. The conceptual framework for assessing the functionality of the EAS system is mainly drawn using the theories of New Institutional Economics and Operational Management. Originality/Value: The uniqueness of this study is that it evaluates EAS from a systems perspective and empirically identifies the functional and dysfunctional aspects while considering it as a part of the Agricultural Knowledge and Innovation System (AKIS). (As Provided).
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Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC
Update	2024/1/01