Individual Differences in Working Memory Capacity, Attention Control, Fluid Intelligence, and Pupillary Measures of Arousal

Autor/inn/en	Robison, Matthew K.; Brewer, Gene A.
Titel	Individual Differences in Working Memory Capacity, Attention Control, Fluid Intelligence, and Pupillary Measures of Arousal
Quelle	In: Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 48 (2022) 9, S.1296-1310 (15 Seiten) PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit
Zusatzinformation	ORCID (Robison, Matthew K.)
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	0278-7393
DOI	10.1037/xlm0001125
Schlagwörter	Individual Differences; Short Term Memory; Attention Control; Intelligence; Motor Reactions; Responses; Predictor Variables; College Students; Intelligence Tests; Raven Progressive Matrices + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Individueller Unterschied; Kurzzeitgedächtnis; Aufmerksamkeitstest; Intelligenz; Klugheit; Prädiktor; Collegestudent; Intelligence test; Intelligenztest
Abstract	The present study examined individual differences in 3 cognitive abilities: attention control (AC), working memory capacity (WMC), and fluid intelligence (gF) as they relate the tendency to experience task-unrelated thoughts (TUTs) and the regulation of arousal. Cognitive abilities were measured with a battery of 9 laboratory tasks, TUTs were measured via thought probes inserted into 2 tasks, and arousal regulation was measured via pupillometry. Recent theorizing (Unsworth & Robison, 2017b) suggests that 1 reason why some people experience relatively frequent TUTs and relatively poor cognitive performance--especially AC and WMC--is that they exhibit dysregulated arousal. Here, we examined how arousal regulation might predict both AC and WMC, but also higher-order cognitive abilities like gF. Further, we examine direct and indirect associations with these abilities via a mediating influence of TUT. Participants who reported more TUTs also tended to exhibit poorer AC, lower WMC, and lower gF. Arousal dysregulation correlated with more TUTs and lower AC. However, there was no direct correlation between arousal regulation and WMC, nor between arousal regulation and gF. The association between arousal regulation and gF was indirect via TUT. We discuss the implications of the results in light of the arousal regulation theory of individual differences and directions for future research. (As Provided).
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Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC
Update	2024/1/01