Perceptual Classification of Motor Speech Disorders: The Role of Severity, Speech Task, and Listener's Expertise

Autor/inn/en	Pernon, Michaela; Assal, Frédéric; Kodrasi, Ina; Laganaro, Marina
Titel	Perceptual Classification of Motor Speech Disorders: The Role of Severity, Speech Task, and Listener's Expertise
Quelle	In: Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 65 (2022) 8, S.2727-2747 (21 Seiten) PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit
Zusatzinformation	ORCID (Pernon, Michaela) ORCID (Assal, Frédéric) ORCID (Kodrasi, Ina) ORCID (Laganaro, Marina)
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	1092-4388
Schlagwörter	Speech Impairments; Classification; Psychomotor Skills; Accuracy; Allied Health Personnel; Speech Language Pathology; Neurological Impairments; Diseases; Speech Communication; Expertise; Severity (of Disability); Auditory Perception; Listening; French; Adults; Foreign Countries; Switzerland + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Speech impairment; Speech handicap; Speech handicaps; Language handicps; Language impairments; Sprachbehinderung; Classification system; Klassifikation; Klassifikationssystem; Psychomotorische Aktivität; Neurodegenerative Erkrankung; Disease; Krankheit; Expert appraisal; Schweregrad; Auditive Wahrnehmung; Akustische Wahrnehmung; Akustik; Hörvorgang; Zuhören; Französisch; Ausland; Schweiz
Abstract	Purpose: The clinical diagnosis of motor speech disorders (MSDs) is mainly based on perceptual approaches. However, studies on perceptual classification of MSDs often indicate low classification accuracy. The aim of this study was to determine in a forced-choice dichotomous decision-making task (a) how accuracy of speech-language pathologists (SLPs) in perceptually classifying apraxia of speech (AoS) and dysarthria is impacted by speech task, severity of MSD, and listener's expertise and (b) which perceptual features they use to classify. Method: Speech samples from 29 neurotypical speakers, 14 with hypokinetic dysarthria associated with Parkinson's disease (HD), 10 with poststroke AoS, and six with mixed dysarthria associated with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (MD-FlSp [combining flaccid and spastic dysarthria]), were classified by 20 expert SLPs and 20 student SLPs. Speech samples were elicited in spontaneous speech, text reading, oral diadochokinetic (DDK) tasks, and a sample concatenating text reading and DDK. For each recorded speech sample, SLPs answered three dichotomic questions following a diagnostic approach, (a) neurotypical versus pathological speaker, (b) AoS versus dysarthria, and (c) MD-FlSp versus HD, and a multiple-choice question on the features their decision was based on. Results: Overall classification accuracy was 72% with good interrater reliability, varying with SLP expertise, speech task, and MSD severity. Correct classification of speech samples was higher for speakers with dysarthria than for AoS and higher for HD than for MD-FlSp. Samples elicited with continuous speech reached the best classification rates. An average number of three perceptual features were used for correct classifications, and their type and combination differed between the three MSDs. Conclusions: The auditory-perceptual classification of MSDs in a diagnostic approach reaches substantial performance only in expert SLPs with continuous speech samples, albeit with lower accuracy for AoS. Specific training associated with objective classification tools seems necessary to improve recognition of neurotypical speech and distinction between AoS and dysarthria. (As Provided).
Anmerkungen	American Speech-Language-Hearing Association. 2200 Research Blvd #250, Rockville, MD 20850. Tel: 301-296-5700; Fax: 301-296-8580; e-mail: slhr@asha.org; Web site: http://jslhr.pubs.asha.org
Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC
Update	2024/1/01