Threat and Deprivation Are Associated with Distinct Aspects of Cognition, Emotional Processing, and Psychopathology in Children and Adolescents

Autor/inn/en	Schäfer, Julia Luiza; McLaughlin, Katie A.; Manfro, Gisele Gus; Pan, Pedro; Rohde, Luis Augusto; Miguel, Eurípedes Constantino; Simioni, André; Hoffmann, Maurício Scopel; Salum, Giovanni Abrahão
Titel	Threat and Deprivation Are Associated with Distinct Aspects of Cognition, Emotional Processing, and Psychopathology in Children and Adolescents
Quelle	In: Developmental Science, 26 (2023) 1, (12 Seiten) PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit
Zusatzinformation	ORCID (Schäfer, Julia Luiza)
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	1363-755X
DOI	10.1111/desc.13267
Schlagwörter	Child Behavior; Children; Adolescents; Disadvantaged Environment; Safety; Stress Variables; Early Experience; Trauma; Cognitive Processes; Emotional Response; Psychopathology; Foreign Countries; Fear; Cognitive Development; Mental Disorders; Brazil; Child Behavior Checklist + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Child; Kind; Kinder; Adolescent; Adolescence; Adoleszenz; Jugend; Jugendalter; Jugendlicher; Sicherheit; Frühbeginn; Cognitive process; Kognitiver Prozess; Emotionales Verhalten; Psychopathologie; Ausland; Furcht; Kognitive Entwicklung; Mental illness; Geisteskrankheit; Brasilien
Abstract	Exposure to childhood adversity has been consistently associated with poor developmental outcomes, but it is unclear whether these associations vary across different forms of adversity. We examined cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between threat and deprivation with cognition, emotional processing, and psychopathology in a middle-income country. The sample consisted of 2511 children and adolescents (6-17 years old) from the Brazilian High-Risk Cohort for Mental Conditions. Parent reports on childhood adversity were used to construct adversity latent constructs. Psychopathology was measured by the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) to generate a measure of general psychopathology (the "p" factor). Executive function (EF) and attention orienting toward angry faces were assessed using cognitive tasks. All measures were acquired at two time-points 3 years apart and associations were tested using general linear models. Higher levels of psychopathology were predicted by higher levels of threat cross-sectionally and longitudinally, and by deprivation longitudinally. For EF, worse performance was associated only with deprivation at baseline and follow-up. Finally, threat was associated with attention orienting towards angry faces cross-sectionally, but neither form of adversity was associated with changes over time in attention bias. Our results suggest that threat and deprivation have differential associations with cognitive development and psychopathology. Exposure to adversity during childhood is a complex phenomenon with meaningful influences on child development. Because adversity can take many forms, dimensional models might help to disentangle the specific developmental correlates of different types of early experience. (As Provided).
Anmerkungen	Wiley. Available from: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030. Tel: 800-835-6770; e-mail: cs-journals@wiley.com; Web site: https://www.wiley.com/en-us
Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC
Update	2024/1/01