Effect of Socioeconomic Status (SES) Disparity on Neural Development in Female African-American Infants at Age 1 Month

Autor/inn/en	Betancourt, Laura M.; Avants, Brian; Farah, Martha J.; Brodsky, Nancy L.; Wu, Jue; Ashtari, Manzar; Hurt, Hallam
Titel	Effect of Socioeconomic Status (SES) Disparity on Neural Development in Female African-American Infants at Age 1 Month
Quelle	In: Developmental Science, 19 (2016) 6, S.947-956 (10 Seiten) PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	1363-755X
DOI	10.1111/desc.12344
Schlagwörter	Socioeconomic Status; African Americans; Infants; Neurological Impairments; Brain; Females; Brain Hemisphere Functions; Hierarchical Linear Modeling; Regression (Statistics) + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Socio-economic status; Sozioökonomischer Status; Afroamerikaner; Infant; Toddler; Toddlers; Kleinkind; Neurodegenerative Erkrankung; Gehirn; Weibliches Geschlecht; Regression; Regressionsanalyse
Abstract	There is increasing interest in both the cumulative and long-term impact of early life adversity on brain structure and function, especially as the brain is both highly vulnerable and highly adaptive during childhood. Relationships between SES and neural development have been shown in children older than age 2 years. Less is known regarding the impact of SES on neural development in children before age 2. This paper examines the effect of SES, indexed by income-to-needs (ITN) and maternal education, on cortical gray, deep gray, and white matter volumes in term, healthy, appropriate for gestational age, African-American, female infants. At 5 weeks postnatal age, unsedated infants underwent MRI (3.0T Siemens Verio scanner, 32-channel head coil). Images were segmented based on a locally constructed template. Utilizing hierarchical linear regression, SES effects on MRI volumes were examined. In this cohort of healthy African-American female infants of varying SES, lower SES was associated with smaller cortical gray and deep gray matter volumes. These SES effects on neural outcome at such a young age build on similar studies of older children, suggesting that the biological embedding of adversity may occur very early in development. (As Provided).
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Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC
Update	2020/1/01