Learned States of Preparatory Attentional Control

Autor/inn/en	Sali, Anthony W.; Anderson, Brian A.; Yantis, Steven
Titel	Learned States of Preparatory Attentional Control
Quelle	In: Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 41 (2015) 6, S.1790-1805 (16 Seiten) PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	0278-7393
DOI	10.1037/xlm0000146
Schlagwörter	Attention Control; Learning Processes; Probability; Visual Learning; Statistical Analysis; Experiments; Visual Stimuli; Adults; Cues + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Aufmerksamkeitstest; Learning process; Lernprozess; Wahrscheinlichkeitsrechnung; Wahrscheinlichkeitstheorie; Visual education; Visuelles Lernen; Statistische Analyse; Erprobung; Stichwort
Abstract	Individuals regularly experience fluctuations in the ability to perform cognitive operations. Although previous research has focused on predicting cognitive flexibility from persistent individual traits, as well as from spontaneous fluctuations in neural activity, the role of learning in shaping preparatory attentional control remains poorly understood. Across 3 experiments, we manipulated the statistical regularities of an attentional orienting paradigm to examine whether individuals modulated attentional flexibility, the readiness to perform a spatial shift of attention, across learned contexts. We found evidence of learning-based modulations in preparatory attentional control settings when the probability of shifting the focus of attention differed based on temporally or color-defined contexts. Furthermore, in the case of color-defined contexts, these modulations in preparatory control persisted even after a change in the underlying statistical properties. Our results indicate that dynamic adjustments in preparatory attentional control are sensitive to the underlying statistical regularities of an environment. This finding has implications for understanding disordered patterns of attentional control and how these patterns might be modified with training. (As Provided).
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Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC
Update	2020/1/01