Using Data to Alter Instructional Practice: The Mediating Role of Coaches and Professional Learning Communities

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Autor/inn/en	Marsh, Julie A.; Bertrand, Melanie; Huguet, Alice
Titel	Using Data to Alter Instructional Practice: The Mediating Role of Coaches and Professional Learning Communities
Quelle	In: Teachers College Record, 117 (2015) 4Infoseite zur Zeitschrift PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	0161-4681
Schlagwörter	Educational Practices; Teaching Methods; Data; Information Utilization; Information Literacy; Coaching (Performance); Communities of Practice; Middle School Teachers; Influences; Case Studies; Comparative Analysis; Literacy Education; Theories; Surveys; Role; Expertise; Correlation; Knowledge Level; Interaction; Instructional Leadership; Professional Development + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Bildungspraxis; Teaching method; Lehrmethode; Unterrichtsmethode; Daten; Informationsnutzung; Informationskompetenz; Community; Middle school; Middle schools; Teacher; Teachers; Mittelschule; Mittelstufenschule; Lehrer; Lehrerin; Lehrende; Influence; Einfluss; Einflussfaktor; Case study; Fallstudie; Case Study; Theory; Theorie; Survey; Umfrage; Befragung; Rollen; Expert appraisal; Korrelation; Wissensbasis; Interaktion; Instruction; Leadership; Bildung; Erziehung; Führung
Abstract	Background: Despite increased access to student learning data, scholars have demonstrated that teachers do not always know how to use these data in ways that lead to deep changes in instruction and often lack skills and knowledge to interpret results and develop solutions. In response, administrators have invested in instructional coaches, data coaches, and professional learning communities (PLCs) to support teachers in this process. Despite their popularity, there is limited research on the ways in which coaches and PLCs mediate teachers' use of data and the various types of expertise brought to bear on this process. Purpose: This exploratory study examined how working with a coach or PLC shaped teachers' responses to data in six middle schools and the factors that influenced the activities and effects of coaches and PLCs. Our intent was to deeply examine processes and identify key constructs and relationships to guide future research and practice. Research Design: Our research involved a year-long comparative case study of six low-performing middle schools in four districts that supported teacher data use via literacy coaches, data coaches, or PLCs. We draw on cultural historical activity theory and data from 92 interviews, 6 focus groups, 20 observations of meetings, and monthly surveys of case study teachers (15), coaches (4), and PLC lead teachers (2). Findings: We found that coaches and PLCs played important roles in mediating teachers' responses to data and were often associated with instances in which teachers used data to alter their instructional delivery (as opposed to surface-level changes in materials and topics). Further, the dynamic relationship between vertical expertise (an individual's knowledge and skills) and horizontal expertise (knowledge that is co-created through interactions and movement across contexts) may help explain the ways in which PLCs and coaches facilitated deeper level changes in pedagogy. Finally, dialogue was a central mediating practice, and school leadership and the district-level context shaped the possibility for change. Conclusions: Our research adds conceptual clarity to what types of expertise may be needed to ensure that teachers respond productively to data. The study suggests that administrators should consider multiple facets of expertise when designing interventions, recruiting coaches, assembling PLCs, and developing professional development for coaches and teacher leaders. The centrality of dialogue also suggests the need for policies and structures allowing for uninterrupted time for educators to collectively reflect on data. (As Provided).
Anmerkungen	Teachers College, Columbia University. P.O. Box 103, 525 West 120th Street, New York, NY 10027. Tel: 212-678-3774; Fax: 212-678-6619; e-mail: tcr@tc.edu; Web site: http://www.tcrecord.org
Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC
Update	2020/1/01