Electrophysiological Evidence of Heterogeneity in Visual Statistical Learning in Young Children with ASD

Autor/inn/en	Jeste, Shafali S.; Kirkham, Natasha; Senturk, Damla; Hasenstab, Kyle; Sugar, Catherine; Kupelian, Chloe; Baker, Elizabeth; Sanders, Andrew J.; Shimizu, Christina; Norona, Amanda; Paparella, Tanya; Freeman, Stephanny F. N.; Johnson, Scott P.
Titel	Electrophysiological Evidence of Heterogeneity in Visual Statistical Learning in Young Children with ASD
Quelle	In: Developmental Science, 18 (2015) 1, S.90-105 (16 Seiten) PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	1363-755X
DOI	10.1111/desc.12188
Schlagwörter	Autism; Pervasive Developmental Disorders; Young Children; Visual Learning; Comparative Analysis; Control Groups; Experimental Groups; Visual Discrimination; Novelty (Stimulus Dimension); Correlation; Social Development; Nonverbal Communication; Intelligence Quotient; Learning Processes; Physiology; Cognitive Processes; Cognitive Ability + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Autismus; Frühe Kindheit; Visual education; Visuelles Lernen; Korrelation; Soziale Entwicklung; Non-verbal communication; Nonverbale Kommunikation; Intelligenzquotient; Learning process; Lernprozess; Physiologie; Cognitive process; Kognitiver Prozess; Denkfähigkeit
Abstract	Statistical learning is characterized by detection of regularities in one's environment without an awareness or intention to learn, and it may play a critical role in language and social behavior. Accordingly, in this study we investigated the electrophysiological correlates of visual statistical learning in young children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) using an event-related potential shape learning paradigm, and we examined the relation between visual statistical learning and cognitive function. Compared to typically developing (TD) controls, the ASD group as a whole showed reduced evidence of learning as defined by N1 (early visual discrimination) and P300 (attention to novelty) components. Upon further analysis, in the ASD group there was a positive correlation between N1 amplitude difference and non-verbal IQ, and a positive correlation between P300 amplitude difference and adaptive social function. Children with ASD and a high non-verbal IQ and high adaptive social function demonstrated a distinctive pattern of learning. This is the first study to identify electrophysiological markers of visual statistical learning in children with ASD. Through this work we have demonstrated heterogeneity in statistical learning in ASD that maps onto non-verbal cognition and adaptive social function. (As Provided).
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Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC
Update	2017/4/10