Annual Research Review: Positive Adjustment to Adversity--Trajectories of Minimal-Impact Resilience and Emergent Resilience

Autor/inn/en	Bonanno, George A.; Diminich, Erica D.
Titel	Annual Research Review: Positive Adjustment to Adversity--Trajectories of Minimal-Impact Resilience and Emergent Resilience
Quelle	In: Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 54 (2013) 4, S.378-401 (24 Seiten) PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	0021-9630
DOI	10.1111/jcpp.12021
Schlagwörter	Adjustment (to Environment); Resilience (Psychology); Environmental Influences; Coping; Trauma; Stress Variables; Stress Management; Emotional Response; Child Development; Posttraumatic Stress Disorder; Grief; Adults; Symptoms (Individual Disorders); Children; Adolescent Attitudes; Age Differences; Gender Differences; Racial Differences; Personality Traits; Literature Reviews + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Environmental influence; Umwelteinfluss; Bewältigung; Stressmanagement; Stressbewältigung; Emotionales Verhalten; Kindesentwicklung; Trauer; Psychiatrische Symptomatik; Child; Kind; Kinder; Age; Difference; Age difference; Altersunterschied; Geschlechterkonflikt; Rassenunterschied; Individual characteristics; Personality characteristic; Persönlichkeitsmerkmal
Abstract	Background: Research on resilience in the aftermath of potentially traumatic life events (PTE) is still evolving. For decades, researchers have documented resilience in children exposed to corrosive early environments, such as poverty or chronic maltreatment. Relatively more recently, the study of resilience has migrated to the investigation of isolated PTE in adults. Methods: In this article, we first consider some of the key differences in the conceptualization of resilience following chronic adversity versus resilience following single-incident traumas, and then describe some of the misunderstandings that have developed about these constructs. To organize our discussion, we introduce the terms "emergent resilience" and "minimal-impact resilience" to represent trajectories of positive adjustment in these two domains, respectively. Results: We focused in particular on minimal-impact resilience, and reviewed recent advances in statistical modeling of latent trajectories that have informed the most recent research on minimal-impact resilience in both children and adults and the variables that predict it, including demographic variables, exposure, past and current stressors, resources, personality, positive emotion, coping and appraisal, and flexibility in coping and emotion regulation. Conclusions: The research on minimal-impact resilience is nascent. Further research is warranted with implications for a multiple levels of analysis approach to elucidate the processes that may mitigate or modify the impact of a PTE at different developmental stages. (Contains 2 figures.) (As Provided).
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Update	2017/4/10