Are Cognitive Control and Stimulus-Driven Processes Differentially Linked to Inattention and Hyperactivity in Preschoolers?

Autor/inn/en	Miller, Carlin J.; Miller, Scott R.; Healey, Dione M.; Marshall, Katie; Halperin, Jeffrey M.
Titel	Are Cognitive Control and Stimulus-Driven Processes Differentially Linked to Inattention and Hyperactivity in Preschoolers?
Quelle	In: Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 42 (2013) 2, S.187-196 (10 Seiten) PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	1537-4416
DOI	10.1080/15374416.2012.759116
Schlagwörter	Personality; Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder; Executive Function; Symptoms (Individual Disorders); At Risk Persons; Preschool Children; Longitudinal Studies; Structural Equation Models; Parent Attitudes; Teacher Attitudes; Cognitive Processes; Behavior Problems; Socioeconomic Status; Psychopathology; Check Lists; Measures (Individuals); Neuropsychology; Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Personalität; Psychiatrische Symptomatik; Risikogruppe; Pre-school age; Preschool age; Child; Children; Pre-school education; Preschool education; Vorschulalter; Kind; Kinder; Vorschulkind; Vorschulkinder; Vorschulerziehung; Vorschule; Longitudinal study; Longitudinal method; Longitudinal methods; Längsschnittuntersuchung; Elternverhalten; Lehrerverhalten; Cognitive process; Kognitiver Prozess; Socio-economic status; Sozioökonomischer Status; Psychopathologie; Checkliste; Messdaten; Neuropsychologie
Abstract	Temperament and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are both typically viewed as biologically based behavioural constructs. There is substantial overlap between ADHD symptoms and specific temperamental traits, such as effortful control, especially in young children. Recent work by Martel and colleagues (2009, 2011) suggests that cognitive control temperamental processes are more closely related to inattention symptoms, whereas stimulus-driven temperamental processes are linked to hyperactivity-impulsivity. The present study tested a model of temperament and ADHD symptoms in typically developing preschoolers and those at risk for ADHD using structural equation modelling. Data were from larger study on ADHD in a short-term longitudinal sample with parent/teacher reports and neurocognitive testing. Participants included 214 preschool children (72.9% male) from diverse ethnic/racial backgrounds and a wide range of socioeconomic status from a large metropolitan center. Cognitive control processes, such as effortful control, but not stimulus-driven processes, are related to inattention "and" hyperactivity. In contrast, stimulus-driven processes, such as emotional reactivity, were related only to hyperactivity symptoms longitudinally. These results suggest that early temperament behaviours and cognitive processes may be indicators of later childhood behavioural difficulties with lasting consequences. (Contains 3 figures and 2 tables.) (As Provided).
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Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC
Update	2017/4/10