Does Childhood Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Predict Risk-Taking and Medical Illnesses in Adulthood?

Autor/inn/en	Ramos Olazagasti, Maria A.; Klein, Rachel G.; Mannuzza, Salvatore; Belsky, Erica Roizen; Hutchison, Jesse A.; Lashua-Shriftman, Erin C.; Castellanos, F. Xavier
Titel	Does Childhood Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Predict Risk-Taking and Medical Illnesses in Adulthood?
Quelle	In: Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 52 (2013) 2, S.153-162 (10 Seiten) PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	0890-8567
DOI	10.1016/j.jaac.2012.11.012
Schlagwörter	Accidents; Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder; Children; Diseases; Head Injuries; Prediction; Risk; Adults; Behavior Disorders; Stimulants; Correlation; Motor Vehicles; Traffic Safety; Antisocial Behavior; Death; Whites; Males; Interviews; Sexually Transmitted Diseases; Health; Drug Use + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Child; Kind; Kinder; Disease; Krankheit; Kopfverletzung; Vorhersage; Risiko; Droge; Korrelation; Motor vehicle; Kraftwagen; Sterbefall; Tod; Todesfall; White; Weißer; Male; Männliches Geschlecht; Interviewing; Interviewtechnik; Sexual transmitted disease; Geschlechtskrankheit; Gesundheit; Drug consumption; Substance abuse; Drogenkonsum
Abstract	Objective: To test whether children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), free of conduct disorder (CD) in childhood (mean = 8 years), have elevated risk-taking, accidents, and medical illnesses in adulthood (mean = 41 years); whether development of CD influences risk-taking during adulthood; and whether exposure to psychostimulants in childhood predicts cardiovascular disease. We hypothesized positive relationships between childhood ADHD and risky driving (in the past 5 years), risky sex (in the past year), and between risk-taking and medical conditions in adulthood; and that development of CD/antisocial personality (APD) would account for the link between ADHD and risk-taking. We report causes of death. Method: Prospective 33-year follow-up of 135 boys of white ethnicity with ADHD in childhood and without CD (probands), and 136 matched male comparison subjects without ADHD (comparison subjects; mean = 41 years), blindly interviewed by clinicians. Results: In adulthood, probands had relatively more risky driving, sexually transmitted disease, head injury, and emergency department admissions (p less than 0.05-0.01). Groups did not differ on other medical outcomes. Lifetime risk-taking was associated with negative health outcomes (p = 0.01-0.001). Development of CD/APD accounted for the relationship between ADHD and risk-taking. Probands without CD/APD did not differ from comparison subjects in lifetime risky behaviors. Psychostimulant treatment did not predict cardiac illness (p = 0.55). Probands had more deaths not related to specific medical conditions (p = 0.01). Conclusions: Overall, among children with ADHD, it is those who develop CD/APD who have elevated risky behaviors as adults. Over their lifetime, those who did not develop CD/APD did not differ from comparison subjects in risk-taking behaviors. Findings also provide support for long-term safety of early psychostimulant treatment. (Contains 3 figures and 9 tables.) (As Provided).
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Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC
Update	2017/4/10