Improving Pragmatic Skills in Young Adults with High-Functioning Autism through Developing Interview Skills Using Technology: A Single-Subject Intervention

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Autor/in	Yeager, Richard Glenn
Titel	Improving Pragmatic Skills in Young Adults with High-Functioning Autism through Developing Interview Skills Using Technology: A Single-Subject Intervention
Quelle	(2022), (227 Seiten) PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit D.Ed. Dissertation, Indiana University of Pennsylvania
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Monographie
ISBN	979-8-7906-6451-9
Schlagwörter	Hochschulschrift; Dissertation; Autism; Pervasive Developmental Disorders; Young Adults; Technology Uses in Education; Educational Technology; Skill Development; Job Skills; Asynchronous Communication; College Readiness; Career Readiness; Intervention; Program Effectiveness; Adolescents; Secondary School Students; College Students; Employment Level; Independent Living; Interviews; Students with Disabilities; Pennsylvania + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Thesis; Dissertations; Academic thesis; Autismus; Young adult; Junger Erwachsener; Technology enhanced learning; Technology aided learning; Technologieunterstütztes Lernen; Unterrichtsmedien; Kompetenzentwicklung; Qualifikationsentwicklung; Produktive Fertigkeit; Adolescent; Adolescence; Adoleszenz; Jugend; Jugendalter; Jugendlicher; Sekundarschüler; Collegestudent; Beschäftigungsgrad; Selbstverantwortung; Interviewing; Interviewtechnik; Student; Students; Disability; Disabilities; Schüler; Schülerin; Studentin; Behinderung
Abstract	AutismSpeaks.org estimated that a total of 1.1 million teens with autism will enter adulthood in the next decade (Autism Speaks, n.d.). Unfortunately, research shows many of those individuals will have bleak outcomes in life postsecondary (Lake et al., 2014; Posar & Visconti, 2018). This issue will compound without proper resources and programs designed for young adults to learn necessary skills for adulthood. Research also shows a lack of these programs (VanBergeijk, 2018; Lake et al., 2014) to teach individuals with ASD necessary life skills. The purpose of this mixed-methods single-subject study was to examine the effectiveness of technology in an intervention program designed to increase pragmatic skills in individuals with high-functioning autism spectrum disorder (HF-ASD) through teaching job acquisition skills in a virtual asynchronous learning environment. The study's goal was to increase skills vital for individuals with HF-ASD to transition from secondary to postsecondary school or workforce. Phase one of this research study collected quantitative data through applied behavioral analysis consisting of three phases of observations. The quantitative phase was conducted using A-B-A, which consisted of three phases: baseline, intervention, and return to baseline. The baseline was established through three observations made prior to the intervention, with a mock interview being the most comprehensive. The intervention phase included a six-session intervention program delivered through Canvas with practice interview questions being recorded in Flipgrid. Finally, return to baseline observations were made one week after completing the sixth session, which included another mock interview. Phase one was completed by two participants. Visual analysis was the primary method for determining the program's effects on participants and was supported by calculating percent change and effect size using Tau-U and improvement rate difference (IRD). Phase two of the study was qualitative and employed semi-structured interviews with participants' parents through email to gain insight into the program's success. The primary researcher implemented thematic analysis to extract themes in data collected from parents. Invitations were sent to 31 Western Pennsylvania public school districts requesting participation in the study. Three school districts accepted the invitation. The school districts then contacted families with students who met the criteria for the study. A total of eight families completed the survey where four met all of the requirements. One participant was selected for the pilot study, and the other three agreed to complete the entire study. Unfortunately, one family withdrew from the study, and their data were not included in data analysis. Results of the study were positive, with participants earning increases in both social communication and job acquisition skills. Wyatt recorded significant increases in target behaviors from pre- to post-intervention mock interviews with a percent increase of 64%. Further supporting results for Wyatt, IRD was calculated at 100% and Tau-U at 1.0 (p < 0.05) with a 90% confidence interval [0.313, 1], which equates to a strong functional relationship between changes in behavior and the intervention. John's results were not as strong as Wyatt with a percent increase of 20%, IRD of 0.238, which equates to a low effect on target behaviors due to participation in the study, and Tau-u at 0.8571 (p < 0.05) with 90% confidence interval [0.170, 1] showing a medium effect on target behaviors. In addition, parent interviews supported changes in target behaviors in other contexts showing generalization occurred. The study demonstrated that technology could effectively increase pragmatic and job acquisition skills in individuals with ASD. The study's goal was to add to current literature focusing on teens and young adults and provide needed resources to fill the gap in programs available for those who have transitioned from secondary to postsecondary school or workforce to increase employment rates and independent living. Technology may be a logical delivery method for these resources. [The dissertation citations contained here are published with the permission of ProQuest LLC. Further reproduction is prohibited without permission. Copies of dissertations may be obtained by Telephone (800) 1-800-521-0600. Web page: http://www.proquest.com/en-US/products/dissertations/individuals.shtml.] (As Provided).
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Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC
Update	2024/1/01