Economy, Culture, Public Policy, and the Urban Underclass. A Discussion of Research on Processes and Mechanisms That Create, Maintain, or Overcome Urban Poverty.

Autor/in	Pearson, Robert W.
Titel	Economy, Culture, Public Policy, and the Urban Underclass. A Discussion of Research on Processes and Mechanisms That Create, Maintain, or Overcome Urban Poverty.
Quelle	In: ITEMS, 43 (1989) 2, S.23-29 (9 Seiten)Verfügbarkeit
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
Schlagwörter	Community Problems; Economic Change; Economic Factors; Economically Disadvantaged; Labor Demands; Labor Supply; Literature Reviews; Lower Class; Poverty; Public Policy; Research Needs; Research Opportunities; Social Change; Social Isolation; Socioeconomic Influences; Urban Demography; Urban Problems + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Ökonomischer Wandel; Ökonomischer Faktor; Arbeitskampf; Tarifkonflikt; Labour Supply; Arbeitskräfteangebot; Armut; Öffentliche Ordnung; Forschungsbedarf; Forschungshaushalt; Sozialer Wandel; Soziale Isolation; Sozioökonomischer Faktor
Abstract	Research is examining the processes by which persistent and concentrated urban poverty is created, maintained, prevented, or overcome. This paper reports on discussion and suggestions generated in a planning meeting of the Social Science Research Council's Committee for Research on the Urban Underclass held on September 21-23, 1988. Issues explored include the following: (1) the clarification of processes and mechanisms; (2) historically proximate and distant factors; (3) factors affecting the emergence of an urban underclass; (4) an increasingly competitive international economy driving industrial and occupational change; (5) the fact that changes in labor supply and demand have ignored segments of the population, or have made alternatives to participation in the formal economy more attractive; (6) variable responses to economic, cultural, and political changes; (7) the contribution of public policies to the formation of an urban underclass; and (8) the contentious character of culture. The Committee has commissioned review and research on the following subjects: (1) alternative opportunity structures; (2) the spatial mismatch hypothesis; (3) "demand side" theories and deteriorating relative earnings; (4) a cultural approach entailing social constructions of meaning; (5) discontinuities in job histories; (6) a large survey of poor and non-poor in Boston; and (7) an employers' survey conducted in Cook County (Illinois). A list of 25 references is appended. (AF)
Anmerkungen	Social Science Research Council, 605 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10158.
Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC