Using Research Methods in Elementary and Middle School Social Studies Classes.

Autor/inn/en	Hoffman, Alan J.; Hoffman, Nancy Lucius
Titel	Using Research Methods in Elementary and Middle School Social Studies Classes.
Quelle	(1978), (14 Seiten)Verfügbarkeit
Beigaben	Tabellen
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; Monographie
Schlagwörter	Tagungsbericht; Critical Thinking; Elementary Education; Experimental Groups; Guidelines; Historiography; Intermediate Grades; Interviews; Learning Activities; Middle Schools; Observation; Oral History; Problem Solving; Productive Thinking; Research Methodology; Research Skills; Skill Development; Social Studies; Surveys; Teaching Methods + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Kritisches Denken; Elementarunterricht; Richtlinien; Geschichtsschreibung; Mittelstufe; Interviewing; Interviewtechnik; Lernaktivität; Middle school; Mittelschule; Mittelstufenschule; Beobachtung; Oral tradition; Mündliche Überlieferung; Problemlösen; Produktives Denken; Research method; Forschungsmethode; Forschungsleistung; Kompetenzentwicklung; Qualifikationsentwicklung; Gemeinschaftskunde; Survey; Umfrage; Befragung; Teaching method; Lehrmethode; Unterrichtsmethode
Abstract	A rationale and guidelines are presented for using social science research methodologies to teach elementary school social studies. The goal of using these methodologies is to help children develop independent and self-directed thinking and problem-solving skills. The authors describe four research approaches and give examples of how each methodology can be applied in the elementary classroom. The approaches include historical, experimental, descriptive, and survey research methods. In historical research, an attempt is made to interpret and reconstruct past events. Oral history is a technique used in this approach. Students can interview grandparents or other adult relatives about the differences in lifestyles when they were the students' age. In experimental research, variables are manipulated to determine the effect of a particular treatment. Students can be divided into experimental and control groups to determine if tutoring younger students promotes a change in the experimental group's attitudes toward younger children. Techniques of descriptive research include participant observation, direct observation, indirect observation, and interviewing. Using any of these techniques, students can investigate what it is like to be a member of the school band. In survey research, the investigator attemPts to discover attitudes or opinions held by large numbers of people concerning particular issues or ideas. Using a questionnaire developed in class, students can conduct a survey of opinions about the school lunch program. (AV)
Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC
Update	2004/1/01