Literaturnachweis - Detailanzeige
| Autor/inn/en | Rumelhart, David E.; Norman, Donald A. |
|---|---|
| Institution | California Univ., La Jolla. Center for Human Information Processing. |
| Titel | Accretion, Tuning and Restructuring: Three Modes of Learning. Report No. 7602. |
| Quelle | (1976), (31 Seiten)
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| Dokumenttyp | gedruckt; online; Monographie |
| Schlagwörter | Abstract Reasoning; Cognitive Processes; Concept Formation; Information Processing; Information Utilization; Interpretive Skills; Learning; Learning Processes; Learning Theories; Memory; Psychological Studies; State of the Art Reviews |
| Abstract | Learning is not a simple unitary process. This paper identifies three qualitatively different phases of the learning process. In one phase, the learner acquires facts and information, accumulating more structures onto the already existing knowledge structures. This phase of learning is adequate only when the material being learned is part of a previously understood topic: the appropriate memory schemata already exist. In a second phase, the learner must devise new memory structures to interpret the material that is to be acquired. This is the most difficult and the most significant form of learning, for it marks the acquisition of truly new conceptualizations about a topic matter. The third phase of learning involves a continual process of modification: both constraining and generalizing the knowledge within the schemata of memory. This stage of learning does not increase the formal content of one's knowledge, but it makes the use of the knowledge more efficient. Thus, although a beginner and an expert might both perform a task with perfect accuracy, there is a marked qualitative difference between the performance of the two. Three different mechanisms that seem to be responsible for the different phases of the learning of complex topic matters--accretion, restructuring, and tuning are proposed. (Author) |
| Erfasst von | ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC |
| Update | 2004/1/01 |
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