Bottom-up and top-down processes in reading. Influences of frequency and predictability on event-related potentials and eye movements.

Autor/in	Dambacher, Michael
Titel	Bottom-up and top-down processes in reading. Influences of frequency and predictability on event-related potentials and eye movements.
Quelle	Potsdam: Univ.-Verl. (2010), XV, 239 S. PDF als Volltext (1); PDF als Volltext (2) Link als defekt meldenVerfügbarkeit Zugl: Potsdam, Univ., Diss., 2009.
Reihe	Potsdam Cognitive Science Series. 1
Beigaben	grafische Darstellungen
Zusatzinformation	Inhaltsverzeichnis
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	online; gedruckt; Monographie
ISBN	978-3-86956-059-5
URN	urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-42024
Schlagwörter	Empirische Untersuchung; Varianzanalyse; Wahrnehmung; Neurowissenschaften; Sehen; Wort; Lesegeschwindigkeit; Lesekompetenz; Lesen; Messverfahren; Einflussfaktor; Evidenz; Prognose; Informationsverarbeitung; Deutschland
Abstract	In reading, word frequency is commonly regarded as the major bottom-up determinant for the speed of lexical access. Moreover, language processing depends on top-down information, such as the predictability of a word from a previous context. Yet, however, the exact role of top-down predictions in visual word recognition is poorly understood: They may rapidly affect lexical processes, or alternatively, influence only late post-lexical stages. To add evidence about the nature of top-down processes and their relation to bottom-up information in the timeline of word recognition, we examined influences of frequency and predictability on event-related potentials (ERPs) in several sentence reading studies. The results were related to eye movements from natural reading as well as to models of word recognition. As a first and major finding, interactions of frequency and predictability on ERP amplitudes consistently revealed top-down influences on lexical levels of word processing (Chapters 2 and 4). Second, frequency and predictability mediated relations between N400 amplitudes and fixation durations, pointing to their sensitivity to a common stage of word recognition; further, larger N400 amplitudes entailed longer fixation durations on the next word, a result providing evidence for ongoing processing beyond a fixation (Chapter 3). Third, influences of presentation rate on ERP frequency and predictability effects demonstrated that the time available for word processing critically co-determines the course of bottom-up and top-down influences (Chapter 4). Fourth, at a nearnormal reading speed, an early predictability effect suggested the rapid comparison of top-down hypotheses with the actual visual input (Chapter 5). The present results are compatible with interactive models of word recognition assuming that early lexical processes depend on the concerted impact of bottom-up and top-down information. (DIPF/Orig.).
Erfasst von	DIPF \| Leibniz-Institut für Bildungsforschung und Bildungsinformation, Frankfurt am Main
Update	2023/1