Literaturnachweis - Detailanzeige
| Institution | Pew Charitable Trusts |
|---|---|
| Titel | How Governments Support Higher Education through the Tax Code: Federal and State Income Tax Provisions Aim to Reduce Costs for Students and Families |
| Quelle | (2017), (39 Seiten)
PDF als Volltext |
| Sprache | englisch |
| Dokumenttyp | gedruckt; online; Monographie |
| Schlagwörter | Federal Government; State Government; Taxes; Educational Finance; Higher Education; Federal Aid; State Aid; Tax Credits; Tuition; Money Management; Paying for College; Expenditures; Costs; Grants; Student Financial Aid |
| Abstract | The federal government and the states each invested more than $70 billion in higher education-related spending programs, excluding loans, in academic year 2014, the latest year for which data are available. But that figure, as substantial as it is, does not paint a full picture of federal and state investments in higher education. It excludes the billions of dollars that the federal government and the 41 states plus the District of Columbia that levy personal income taxes provide to students and their families through tax expenditures--such as credits for tuition and college savings incentives--to help offset postsecondary costs. These tax provisions--special deductions, credits, exclusions, and exemptions--allow people to reduce their income tax liability and result in lower federal and state government revenue. They are called tax expenditures because they are similar to direct spending both in their budgetary impacts and in the way they can benefit recipients. The tax code contains many such provisions that support specific policy priorities, of which higher education is just one. To help integrate these tax expenditures into broader discussions of higher education finances and policy, The Pew Charitable Trusts catalogued federal and state higher education income tax provisions and examined their extensive linkages across the levels of government. The analysis, which is part of a larger series exploring the full range of federal and state support for higher education, found that: (1) personal income tax expenditures for higher education have substantial costs at the federal level and are comparable to major spending programs; (2) every state that levies a personal income tax has higher education tax expenditures, and although few states comprehensively estimate the costs, in most that do, the provisions make up a sizable part of the support targeted to students and families; (3) federal and state provisions generally target the three phases of postsecondary education financing: saving for the future, offsetting expenses while enrolled, and paying previously incurred costs; (4) states have implemented most of their higher education tax provisions through two key linkages to the federal tax code; and (5) several states also have less common higher education tax expenditures. This report explores these findings in greater depth to provide the fullest picture to date of the characteristics and costs of federal and state higher education personal income tax expenditures for students and families. It examines the size of these tax expenditures and their prevalence at the state level, outlines their features, and explains the linkages between state and federal tax codes that generate most of the state-level provisions. (ERIC). |
| Anmerkungen | Pew Charitable Trusts. 901 E Street NW 10th Floor, Washington, DC 20004. Tel: 202-540-2000; Fax: 202-552-2299; e-mail: media@pewtrusts.org; Web site: http://www.pewtrusts.org/en |
| Erfasst von | ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC |
| Update | 2020/1/01 |
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