Concurrent Visual Learning of Adjacent and Nonadjacent Dependencies in Adults and Children

Autor/inn/en	Iao, Lai-Sang; Roeser, Jens; Justice, Lucy; Jones, Gary
Titel	Concurrent Visual Learning of Adjacent and Nonadjacent Dependencies in Adults and Children
Quelle	In: Developmental Psychology, 57 (2021) 5, S.733-748 (16 Seiten)Infoseite zur Zeitschrift PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit
Zusatzinformation	ORCID (Iao, Lai-Sang) ORCID (Roeser, Jens) ORCID (Justice, Lucy) ORCID (Jones, Gary)
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	0012-1649
DOI	10.1037/dev0000998
Schlagwörter	Visual Learning; Adults; Children; Reaction Time; Age Differences; Foreign Countries; United Kingdom + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Visual education; Visuelles Lernen; Child; Kind; Kinder; Reaktionsvermögen; Age; Difference; Age difference; Altersunterschied; Ausland; Großbritannien
Abstract	Concurrent learning of adjacent and nonadjacent dependencies has been shown in adults only. This study extended this line of research by examining dependency-specific learning for both adjacent and nonadjacent dependencies concurrently in both adults and children. Seventy adults aged 18 to 64 (40 women, 30 men; Experiment 1) and 64 children aged 10 to 11 years (40 girls, 24 boys; Experiment 2) were tested with a new serial reaction time (SRT) task in which they were trained for 5-8 min on materials comprising equally probable adjacent and nonadjacent dependencies. They were then asked to discriminate between trained and untrained dependencies in a familiarity task. Both adults and children showed implicit concurrent learning of both adjacent and nonadjacent dependencies. The two dependency types were learned to the same extent. However, adults showed a rapid, sustainable, and dependency-specific sensitivity throughout the SRT task while children only showed a dependency-specific sensitivity to violations of expectations after exposure. When the two groups were statistically compared, only adults showed a dependency-specific learning effect after exposure. These findings are in line with the age-related improvement model of dependency learning. (As Provided).
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Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC
Update	2024/1/01