Literacy Education and Social Change Efforts in Pre-Communist China: The Mass Education Movement 1922-1949.

Autor/in	Paulston, Rolland G.
Institution	International Inst. of Rural Reconstruction, New York, NY.
Titel	Literacy Education and Social Change Efforts in Pre-Communist China: The Mass Education Movement 1922-1949.
Quelle	, (24 Seiten)Verfügbarkeit
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; Monographie
Schlagwörter	Adult Education; Adult Literacy; Asian Studies; Chinese Culture; Community Benefits; Community Development; Comparative Education; Disadvantaged; Educational Development; Educational History; Educational Objectives; Educationally Disadvantaged; Foreign Countries; Literacy Education; Lower Class; Political Socialization; Rural Education; Social Change; China + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Adult; Adults; Education; Adult basic education; Adult training; Erwachsenenbildung; Asia; Studies; Asienwissenschaft; Community; Development; Entwicklung; Vergleichende Erziehungswissenschaft; Bildungsentwicklung; History of education; Bildungsgeschichte; Educational objective; Bildungsziel; Erziehungsziel; Ausland; Politische Sozialisation; Ländliche Erwachsenenbildung; Sozialer Wandel
Abstract	Socioeconomic development in China between the two world wars included an extensive mass education effort by reform-minded young Chinese. Focusing on adult literacy and rural reconstruction, Chinese educators employed various strategies to stimulate and assist self-help efforts in Chinese villages. Paramount among these educational techniques were those developed by James Yen, a Chinese scholar who participated in graduate education studies in several American universities. Yen pursued the objective of creating a more democratic China through the preparation of healthier, more productive citizens. His method was basic education adapted to the rural environment. Previous to Yen's first efforts at educational reform in 1922, the Chinese Republic exhibited a complete lack of educational opportunity for the lower classes, and for rural people in particular. Yen's first campaign against illiteracy included simplification of the Chinese system of writing and efforts to convince common laborers that they could learn to read. Community leaders assumed initial responsibility for the campaign, but it later became necessary to create an organization to promote, coordinate, and supervise administrative and financial details. This organization, entitled the Mass Education Movement, became known as MEM. By 1929, MEM leaders realized that literacy alone was not a sufficient goal. In response to continuing needs of peasants in rural areas, the MEM organized a program stressing education, economic improvement, public health, and citizenship training. (Author/DB)
Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC