Associations between Childhood Adversity and Depression, Substance Abuse and HIV and HSV2 Incident Infections in Rural South African Youth

Autor/inn/en	Jewkes, Rachel K.; Dunkle, Kristin; Nduna, Mzikazi; Jama, P. Nwabisa; Puren, Adrian
Titel	Associations between Childhood Adversity and Depression, Substance Abuse and HIV and HSV2 Incident Infections in Rural South African Youth
Quelle	In: Child Abuse & Neglect: The International Journal, 34 (2010) 11, S.833-841 (9 Seiten) PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	0145-2134
DOI	10.1016/j.chiabu.2010.05.002
Schlagwörter	Social Systems; Sexual Abuse; Child Abuse; Gender Differences; Prevention; Drug Use; Alcohol Abuse; Foreign Countries; Punishment; Correlation; Depression (Psychology); Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS); Incidence; Disadvantaged; Rural Areas; Questionnaires; Child Neglect; Suicide; Risk; Health; Intervention; Health Services; South Africa + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Social system; Soziales System; Sexueller Missbrauch; Abuse of children; Abuse; Child; Children; Kindesmissbrauch; Missbrauch; Kind; Kinder; Geschlechterkonflikt; Prävention; Vorbeugung; Drug consumption; Substance abuse; Drogenkonsum; Ausland; Bestrafung; Korrelation; Vorkommen; Rural area; Ländlicher Raum; Fragebogen; Kindesvernachlässigung; Selbstmord; Risiko; Gesundheit; Health service; Gesundheitsdienst; Gesundheitswesen; Südafrika; Süd-Afrika; Republik Südafrika; Südafrikanische Republik
Abstract	Objectives: To describe prevalence of childhood experiences of adversity in rural South African youth and their associations with health outcomes. Methods: We analyzed questionnaires and blood specimens collected during a baseline survey for a cluster randomized controlled trial of a behavioral intervention, and also tested blood HIV and herpes simplex type 2 virus at 12- and 24-month follow up; 1,367 male and 1,415 female volunteers were recruited from 70 rural villages. Results: Both women and men before 18 had experienced physical punishment (89.3% and 94.4%), physical hardship (65.8% and 46.8%), emotional abuse (54.7% and 56.4%), emotional neglect (41.6% and 39.6%), and sexual abuse (39.1% and 16.7%). Incident HIV infections were more common in women who experienced emotional abuse (IRR 1.96, 95% CI 1.25, 3.06, p = 0.003), sexual abuse (IRR 1.66 95% CI 1.04, 2.63, p = 0.03), and physical punishment (IRR 2.13 95% CI 1.04, 4.37, p = 0.04). Emotional neglect in women was associated with depression (aOR 1.82, 95% CI 1.15, 2.88, p = 0.01), suicidality (aOR 5.07, 95% CI 2.07, 12.45, p less than 0.0001), alcohol abuse (aOR 2.17, 95% CI 0.99, 4.72, p = 0.05), and incident HSV2 infections (IRR 1.62, 95% CI 1.01, 2.59, p = 0.04). In men emotional neglect was associated with depression (aOR 3.41, 95% CI 1.87, 6.20, p less than 0.0001) and drug use (aOR 1.98, 95% CI 1.37, 2.88, p less than 0.0001). Sexual abuse was associated with alcohol abuse in men (aOR 3.68, 95% CI 2.00, 6.77, p less than 0.0001) and depression (aOR 2.16, 95% CI 1.34, 3.48, p = 0.002) and alcohol abuse in women (aOR 3.94, 95% CI 1.90, 8.17, p less than 0.0001). Practice implications: Childhood exposure to adversity is very common and influences the health of women and men. All forms of adversity, emotional, physical and sexual, enhance the risk of adverse health outcomes in men and women. Prevention of child abuse need to be included as part of the HIV prevention agenda in sub-Saharan Africa. Interventions are needed to prevent emotional, sexual, and physical abuse and responses from health and social systems in Africa to psychologically support exposed children must be strengthened. (Contains 5 tables.) (As Provided).
Anmerkungen	Elsevier. 6277 Sea Harbor Drive, Orlando, FL 32887-4800. Tel: 877-839-7126; Tel: 407-345-4020; Fax: 407-363-1354; e-mail: usjcs@elsevier.com; Web site: http://www.elsevier.com
Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC
Update	2017/4/10