Electrophysiological Correlates of Semantic Processing in Williams Syndrome

Autor/inn/en	Pinheiro, Ana P.; Galdo-Alvarez, Santaigo; Sampaio, Adriana; Niznikiewicz, Margaret; Goncalves, Oscar F.
Titel	Electrophysiological Correlates of Semantic Processing in Williams Syndrome
Quelle	In: Research in Developmental Disabilities: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 31 (2010) 6, S.1412-1425 (14 Seiten)Infoseite zur Zeitschrift PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	0891-4222
DOI	10.1016/j.ridd.2010.06.017
Schlagwörter	Sentences; Semantics; Language Processing; Spatial Ability; Abstract Reasoning; Correlation; Genetic Disorders; Cognitive Processes; Neurological Impairments; Developmental Disabilities; Genetics; Cognitive Ability; Interpersonal Competence; Children; Adolescents; Young Adults; Comparative Analysis + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Sentence analysis; Satzanalyse; Semantik; Sprachverarbeitung; Räumliches Vorstellungsvermögen; Abstraktes Denken; Denken; Korrelation; Cognitive process; Kognitiver Prozess; Neurodegenerative Erkrankung; Entwicklungsstörung; Humangenetik; Denkfähigkeit; Interpersonale Kompetenz; Child; Kind; Kinder; Adolescent; Adolescence; Adoleszenz; Jugend; Jugendalter; Jugendlicher; Young adult; Junger Erwachsener
Abstract	Williams syndrome (WS), a genetic neurodevelopmental disorder due to microdeletion in chromosome 7, has been described as a syndrome with an intriguing socio-cognitive phenotype. Cognitively, the relative preservation of language and face processing abilities coexists with severe deficits in visual-spatial tasks, as well as in tasks involving abstract reasoning. However, in spite of early claims of the independence of language from general cognition in WS, a detailed investigation of language subcomponents has demonstrated several abnormalities in lexical-semantic processing. Nonetheless, the neurobiological processes underlying language processing in Williams syndrome remain to be clarified. The aim of this study was to examine the electrophysiological correlates of semantic processing in WS, taking typical development as a reference. A group of 12 individuals diagnosed with Williams syndrome, with age range between 9 and 31 years, was compared with a group of typically developing participants, individually matched in chronological age, gender and handedness. Participants were presented with sentences that ended with words incongruent (50%) with the previous sentence context or with words judged to be its best completion (50%), and they were asked to decide if the sentence made sense or not. Results in WS suggest atypical sensory ERP components (N100 and P200), preserved N400 amplitude, and abnormal P600 in WS, with the latter being related to late integration and re-analysis processes. These results may represent a physiological signature of underlying impaired on-line language processing in this disorder. (Contains 3 tables and 3 figures.) (As Provided).
Anmerkungen	Elsevier. 6277 Sea Harbor Drive, Orlando, FL 32887-4800. Tel: 877-839-7126; Tel: 407-345-4020; Fax: 407-363-1354; e-mail: usjcs@elsevier.com; Web site: http://www.elsevier.com
Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC
Update	2017/4/10