The Road to Brown, Its Leaders, and the Future

Autor/in	Brown, Frank
Titel	The Road to Brown, Its Leaders, and the Future
Quelle	In: Education and Urban Society, 36 (2004) 3, S.255-265 (11 Seiten)Infoseite zur Zeitschrift PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	0013-1245
Schlagwörter	African Americans; United States History; Civil Rights; Elementary Secondary Education; Public Education; Equal Protection; Court Litigation; Desegregation Litigation; Racial Segregation; School Desegregation + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Afroamerikaner; Bürgerrechte; Grundrechte; Zivilrecht; Öffentliche Erziehung; Gleichstellungspolitik; Rechtsstreit; Rassentrennung; Integrative Schule
Abstract	The 50th anniversary of the historic 1954 U.S. Supreme Court decision in "Brown v. Board of Education" provides an opportunity to trace the origin of "Brown" and the long journey by African Americans to achieve quality elementary and secondary education in this country. This journey began with passage of the Fourteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution in 1868, which applied the Bill of Rights to the states. This action gave the newly freed slaves the same legal rights as White Americans, citizenship and equality under the law and due process protection against state action under the Bill of Rights. Even though public education did not exist for Blacks when the amendment was enacted, it gave Blacks protection against future negative state action. This journey was slowed in 1896 when the Court in "Plessy v. Ferguson" ruled that the doctrine of separate but equal could satisfy the equal protection clause of the Fourteenth Amendment. In the 1940s, the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) forcefully renewed the journey again. In 1954, the Court reversed the "Plessy" ruling and held that de jure, state enforced racially segregated education did not meet constitutional requirements. This article reviews this history and makes projections for the future of public education for African Americans, 135 years after this journey began with passage of the Fourteenth Amendment. (Author).
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Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC
Update	2017/4/10