Historicising Inclusion: How Science Curricular Differentiation Produced Populations of Concern in the United States and West Germany (1960s-1980s)

Autor/inn/en	Kirchgasler, Kathryn L.; Kuhlmann, Nele
Titel	Historicising Inclusion: How Science Curricular Differentiation Produced Populations of Concern in the United States and West Germany (1960s-1980s)
Quelle	In: Paedagogica Historica: International Journal of the History of Education, 59 (2023) 1, S.124-144 (21 Seiten)Infoseite zur Zeitschrift PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit
Zusatzinformation	ORCID (Kirchgasler, Kathryn L.)
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	0030-9230
DOI	10.1080/00309230.2022.2089857
Schlagwörter	Inclusion; Science Curriculum; Foreign Countries; Classification; Disadvantaged; Students with Disabilities; Curriculum Development; Cross Cultural Studies; Educational History; Differences; Science Education; Elementary Secondary Education; United States; West Germany + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Inklusion; Ausland; Classification system; Klassifikation; Klassifikationssystem; Student; Students; Disability; Disabilities; Schüler; Schülerin; Studentin; Behinderung; Curriculum; Development; Curriculumentwicklung; Lehrplan; Entwicklung; Cultural comparison; Kulturvergleich; History of education; Bildungsgeschichte; Unterscheiden; Naturwissenschaftliche Bildung; USA
Abstract	This article explores how the sorting and separating of pupils into entangled categories of social/cultural disadvantage and disability in the 1960s through the 1980s created populations of concern. Even though the United States and Germany are typically contrasted in their approaches to inclusive education, a new scientisation of the "social" had similar effects in both countries. While inclusion is usually presumed as the opposite of segregation, we examine how distinct curricula -- often administered in separate classrooms or schools -- became deemed essential to prepare target populations for eventual inclusion. In the United States, demands for desegregation and mainstreaming were met in part with the design of curricula and instructional strategies for populations marked by categories of disability and/or cultural disadvantage. In West Germany, similar pedagogies appeared in materials designed for special and lower-track schools aimed at pupils classified as learning disabled and/or socio-culturally disadvantaged. Drawing on archival analysis of research journals, reports, and curricular materials from both countries, we examine how science pedagogies constituted social/cultural disadvantage and/or disability as a type of learner with limited experiences requiring compensation and emotional needs requiring affective calibration. Similar practices produced these populations of concern, enclosing them in a pre-scholastic intervention space and prescribing targeted strategies as necessary for their integration as healthy, responsible citizens. At stake is understanding how curricular differentiation directed to previously excluded groups can generate new subdivisions of the social -- authorising separate (and unequally positioned) instruction in the name of inclusion. (As Provided).
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Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC
Update	2024/1/01