How and Why Formal Education Originated in the Emergence of Civilization

Autor/in	Eskelson, Tyrel C.
Titel	How and Why Formal Education Originated in the Emergence of Civilization
Quelle	In: Journal of Education and Learning, 9 (2020) 2, S.29-47 (19 Seiten) PDF als Volltext kostenfreie Datei Verfügbarkeit
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	1927-5250
Schlagwörter	Educational History; Educational Development; Ethnography; Non Western Civilization; Culture; Educational Theories; Social Structure + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? History of education; Bildungsgeschichte; Bildungsentwicklung; Ethnografie; Kultur; Educational theory; Theory of education; Bildungstheorie; Sozialstruktur
Abstract	The purpose of this study is to argue that formal education had multiple, independent origins in the emergence of ancient civilizations, for universally the same reasons. It uses socio-biological literature to outline the nature of human societies; ethnographic literature to show that no systems of formal education existed in small-scale hunter-gatherer communities; and evolutionary psychological literature, specifically the cognitive niche theory of human evolution, and domain-specific brain module theories, to show how children learn. The second section details the organizational changes that occurred in the emergence of civilization and why this required the development of formal institutions of education. The study uses four ancient civilizations--Mesopotamia, Egypt, China, and Mesoamerica--to provide evidence for the paper's argument. The study offers a theory for the relationship between the structural organization of human societies and the implications this has for social learning. Overall, it provides a working theory for how and why formal education first emerged in human societies, due to the administrative tools needed to keep a state-level society functioning. (As Provided).
Anmerkungen	Canadian Center of Science and Education. 1120 Finch Avenue West Suite 701-309, Toronto, OH M3J 3H7, Canada. Tel: 416-642-2606; Fax: 416-642-2608; e-mail: jel@ccsenet.org; Web site: http://www.ccsenet.org/journal/index.php/jel
Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC
Update	2022/1/01