Contextual Cueing Effects across the Lifespan

Autor/inn/en	Merrill, Edward C.; Conners, Frances A.; Roskos, Beverly; Klinger, Mark R.; Klinger, Laura Grofer
Titel	Contextual Cueing Effects across the Lifespan
Quelle	In: Journal of Genetic Psychology, 174 (2013) 4, S.387-402 (16 Seiten) PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	0022-1325
DOI	10.1080/00221325.2012.694919
Schlagwörter	Older Adults; Context Effect; Age Differences; Cues; Visual Perception; Spatial Ability; Young Children; Young Adults; Prediction; Reaction Time; Comparative Analysis + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Älterer Erwachsener; Age; Difference; Age difference; Altersunterschied; Stichwort; Visuelle Wahrnehmung; Räumliches Vorstellungsvermögen; Frühe Kindheit; Young adult; Junger Erwachsener; Vorhersage; Reaktionsvermögen
Abstract	The authors evaluated age-related variations in contextual cueing, which reflects the extent to which visuospatial regularities can facilitate search for a target. Previous research produced inconsistent results regarding contextual cueing effects in young children and in older adults, and no study has investigated the phenomenon across the life span. Three groups (6, 20, and 70 years old) were compared. Participants located a designated target stimulus embedded in a context of distractor stimuli. During exposure, the location of the target could be predicted from the location of the distracters in each display. During test, these predictable displays were intermixed with new displays that did not predict the target location. Response times to locating predictable relative to unpredictable targets were compared. All groups exhibited facilitation effects greater than 0 (95% CIs [0.02, 0.11], d = .4; [0.01, 0.12], d = 0.4; and [0.01, 0.10], d = 0.4, for the children, young adults, and older adults, respectively) indicating that contextual cueing is robust across a wide age range. The relative magnitude of contextual cueing effects was essentially identical across the age range tested, F(2, 103) = 1.71, [eta][rho];2 = 0.02. The authors argue that a mechanism that uses environmental covariation is available to all age ranges, but the expression of the contextual cueing may depend on the way it is measured. (Contains 2 tables, 2 figures, and 1 note.) (As Provided).
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Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC
Update	2017/4/10