Speaker Reliability Guides Children's Inductive Inferences about Novel Properties

Autor/inn/en	Kim, Sunae; Kalish, Charles W.; Harris, Paul L.
Titel	Speaker Reliability Guides Children's Inductive Inferences about Novel Properties
Quelle	In: Cognitive Development, 27 (2012) 2, S.114-125 (12 Seiten) PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	0885-2014
DOI	10.1016/j.cogdev.2011.10.004
Schlagwörter	Logical Thinking; Inferences; Classification; Young Children; Reliability; Speech Communication; Educational Research; Thinking Skills; Evaluation Methods; Tests; Age Differences; Early Childhood Education + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Inference; Inferenz; Classification system; Klassifikation; Klassifikationssystem; Frühe Kindheit; Reliabilität; Bildungsforschung; Pädagogische Forschung; Denkfähigkeit; Examination; Prüfung; Examen; Age; Difference; Age difference; Altersunterschied; Early childhood; Education; Frühkindliche Bildung; Frühpädagogik
Abstract	Prior work shows that children can make inductive inferences about objects based on their labels rather than their appearance (Gelman, 2003). A separate line of research shows that children's trust in a speaker's label is selective. Children accept labels from a reliable speaker over an unreliable speaker (e.g., Koenig & Harris, 2005). In the current paper, we tested whether 3- and 5-year-old children attend to speaker reliability when they make inductive inferences about a non-obvious property of a novel artifact based on its label. Children were more likely to use a reliable speaker's label than an unreliable speaker's label when making inductive inferences. Thus, children not only prefer to learn from reliable speakers, they are also more likely to use information from reliable speakers as the basis for future inferences. The findings are discussed in light of the debate between a similarity-driven and a label-driven approach to inductive inferences. (Contains 1 table and 2 figures.) (As Provided).
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Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC
Update	2017/4/10