A National Study of the Association between Food Environments and County-Level Health Outcomes

Autor/inn/en	Ahern, Melissa; Brown, Cheryl; Dukas, Stephen
Titel	A National Study of the Association between Food Environments and County-Level Health Outcomes
Quelle	In: Journal of Rural Health, 27 (2011) 4, S.367-379 (13 Seiten) PDF als Volltext Verfügbarkeit
Sprache	englisch
Dokumenttyp	gedruckt; online; Zeitschriftenaufsatz
ISSN	0890-765X
DOI	10.1111/j.1748-0361.2011.00378.x
Schlagwörter	Obesity; Diabetes; Mortality Rate; Health Behavior; Food; Metropolitan Areas; Counties; Correlation; Case Studies; Regression (Statistics); Smoking; Race; Ethnicity; Age Differences; Gender Differences; Poverty; Educational Attainment; Retailing; Proximity; Food Service; Scores + Suchen Sie Ihr Suchwort? Adipositas; Mortalitätsrate; Health behaviour; Gesundheitsverhalten; Lebensmittel; Ballungsraum; Korrelation; Case study; Fallstudie; Case Study; Regression; Regressionsanalyse; Rauchen; Rasse; Abstammung; Ethnizität; Age; Difference; Age difference; Altersunterschied; Geschlechterkonflikt; Armut; Bildungsabschluss; Bildungsgut; Warenwirtschaft; Lebensnähe
Abstract	Purpose: This national, county-level study examines the relationship between food availability and access, and health outcomes (mortality, diabetes, and obesity rates) in both metro and non-metro areas. Methods: This is a secondary, cross-sectional analysis using Food Environment Atlas and CDC data. Linear regression models estimate relationships between food availability and access variables (direct-to-consumer farm sales, per capita grocery stores, full-service restaurants, fast food restaurants, and convenience stores) with health outcomes. Controls include smoking, race/ethnicity, gender, age, education, poverty, primary care availability, recreational facility availability, and mobility/distance-from-grocery-store. Findings: "Non-metro findings": Lower adjusted mortality rates were associated with more per capita full-service restaurants and grocery stores, and greater per capita direct farm sales. Lower adjusted diabetes rates were associated with a lower per capita supply of fast food restaurants and convenience stores, and more per capita full-service restaurants and grocery stores. Lower adjusted obesity rates were associated with more per capita full-service restaurants and grocery stores. Unexpectedly, obesity rates were positively associated with per capita grocery stores and negatively associated with fast food restaurants. "Metro findings": More per capita full-service restaurants, grocery stores, and direct farm sales are associated with positive health outcomes; fast food restaurants and convenience stores are associated with negative health outcomes. Conclusions: The food access/availability environment is an important determinant of health outcomes in metro and non-metro areas. Future research should focus on more refined specifications that capture variability across non-metro settings. (As Provided).
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Erfasst von	ERIC (Education Resources Information Center), Washington, DC
Update	2017/4/10